Commercial vs. Residential Hardscaping: Which Path is Right for You?
For those considering a career in hardscaping, one of the decisions you may face is whether to focus on residential projects or commercial installations.
While the fundamental techniques may be similar, these two paths offer different experiences, challenges, and rewards. As an aspiring or early career hardscaper, it is worth exploring both to see which might be the right fit for you.
Understanding the Two Paths
At its core, hardscaping involves the same materials and installation techniques whether you’re working on a backyard patio or a shopping center plaza. The primary differences lie in the scale, design process, client relationships, and business operations.
Residential projects commonly are referred to as Design-Build. This is because the contractor provides both the design and build services to the homeowner. Most commercial projects are Design Specification where the owner provides details, developed by a third party, of the methods and materials needed to achieve the wanted outcome. In commercial projects the hardscape contractor is usually a subcontractor, typically working for the general contractor who in turn has a contract with the owner.
Residential hardscaping typically involves working directly with homeowners on custom projects for their personal property. These jobs might include backyard patios, walkways, outdoor kitchens, fire pits, and retaining walls—all designed to enhance a family’s outdoor living experience. The work is highly personalized, often creative, and involves significant client interaction.
Commercial hardscaping usually involves larger-scale projects for businesses, developers, or government entities. These might include parking lots, plazas, walkways for shopping centers, or hardscaped areas for apartment complexes. The work tends to follow pre-established plans created by landscape architects or engineers, with less room for on-site creativity but greater emphasis on efficiency and adherence to specifications.
Understanding Payment Terms
For most residential projects payment terms favor the contractor. Usually there is a large, up front payment and final payment is due within days of completion.
For commercial projects payment terms generally favor the owner and/or general contractor. Payment terms are defined by the contract. Payments often don’t start until there is materials on site and they are typically due in 30 or 60 days after invoicing. Depending on the contract, there may be progress payments. Payment for completion of the project may take even longer and it isn’t uncommon to have 120 days. Also there is typically a 10% retainage/holdback which is kept to address issues that may appear well after the completion date. Retainage/Holdbacks may take a year or more to be released. Subcontractors don’t get their retainage/holdback until the owner releases the GC’s retainage/holdback and this may not even happen due to issues related to other subcontractor’s work, over which you have no control over.
Residential projects are typically smaller in scale, so you can do more in a year, lower total cost, but they earn higher margins.
Commercial projects are typically larger in scale, so you will only do a few a year, they have a higher total cost, but lower margins. Focusing your company on a specific market and optimizing your company based on these general principles can make your company very profitable.
The Residential Experience: Creativity and Connection
Harrison Woytko, President of Boulder Landscape, LLC, primarily focuses on residential projects. He was drawn to this sector for its creative possibilities and the opportunity to provide excellent customer service.
“From a creativity and expanding your knowledge perspective, I think the residential market offers much more,” Woytko said. “If you’re someone with creative skills or if you want to see different projects at different houses in different neighborhoods and meet different homeowners, there’s lots of opportunity and freedom there.”
This variety extends beyond just creative expression. Residential hardscapers often build meaningful relationships with their clients.
“We’re pretty good at the back-and-forth with a residential customer. We’re good at having a kitchen table talk. We can listen to somebody and we can pivot and come up with a better solution or something that’s more tailored for them,” Woytko said.
These personal connections often make the work more rewarding.
“Homeowners might have saved their money for 10 years to build a patio so they’re invested,” said Frank Gandora, President of Creative Hardscape Company. “You have great interaction with these people. They’re grateful that you’re doing it, and it’s a very positive situation.”
Woytko said that customer service piece also plays a role when hiring for his team.
“From a hiring perspective, we’re looking for someone with a positive attitude along with good customer service skills. It doesn’t mean that every employee has to have a one-on-one conversation with the homeowner when they come home every day or that they have to make the sale and engage them, but it’s important that they’re respectful, have a good attitude, and have social intelligence when it comes to interacting with others,” he said.
The Commercial Landscape: Scale and Structure
Commercial hardscaping offers its own set of advantages and challenges. These projects are typically larger in scale, more structured in their execution, and often involve working with other construction trades as part of a larger development project.
“In commercial work, you have engineers, you have architects, a landscape architect. They designed the plans. They create the elevations. They create all the data you need to do a commercial job. There are plans, specifications. They tell you the methodologies and how to install it in most of the cases,” Gandora said. “What’s being used on a commercial job is your labor.”
These projects present the opportunity to hone in on a particular skill—such as laying pavers across expansive plazas or courtyards—and execute it with precision. They also highlight how strong teamwork and coordination are essential to bringing large-scale visions to life. With multiple teams working in tandem under tight deadlines and strict specifications, commercial hardscaping becomes a lesson in efficiency, communication, and collaboration.
Finding Your Path Forward
Ultimately, the choice between commercial and residential hardscaping isn’t necessarily permanent. Many professionals start in one sector and transition to the other as they gain experience, move locations, or as market conditions change.
“I don’t know if you have to pick an avenue. I just think it’s how you can cater to your customer, whether that customer is a large general contractor or production home builder or Mr. and Mrs. Jones with a residential project on their home,” Woytko said. “For someone just getting into the business or maybe starting to work for a company, I think it’s really dependent on your market and where you see your vision going.”
